Numbers

12 phrases · Finnish with romanization, English and audio

  1. yksi, kaksi, kolme

    YK-si KAK-si KOL-me

    one, two, three

    Usage

    Basic Finnish numbers for counting and stating prices

    Grammar Note

    Finnish numbers inflect by case. A noun after a numeral of 2 or more takes the singular partitive (after yksi it stays singular nominative)

  2. neljä, viisi, kuusi

    NEL-jä, VII-si, KUU-si

    four, five, six

    Usage

    Numbers 4–6, used for times and quantities

    Grammar Note

    Kuusi also means "spruce tree" — context determines the meaning

  3. seitsemän, kahdeksan, yhdeksän

    SEIT-se-män KAH-dek-san YH-dek-sän

    seven, eight, nine

    Usage

    Numbers 7–9, used for dates and reference numbers

    Grammar Note

    Kahdeksan (8) may etymologically mean "two away from ten" — a fascinating relic

  4. kymmenen, sata, tuhat

    KYM-me-nen SA-ta TU-hat

    ten, hundred, thousand

    Usage

    Units for larger numbers, used for prices and quantities

    Grammar Note

    The stem of kymmenen is kymmene-/kymmen- (e.g. kymmeniä). 11 is yksitoista, literally "one of the second [ten]"

  5. Kello on kolme

    KEL-lo on KOL-me

    It is three o'clock

    Usage

    Express the time. Kello on literally means "the clock is"

    Grammar Note

    Finnish uses kello (clock) as subject. Both 12-hour and 24-hour formats are used

  6. Haluaisin kaksi lippua

    HA-lu-ai-sin KAK-si LIP-pu-a

    I would like two tickets

    Usage

    Specify quantity when buying tickets or ordering

    Grammar Note

    Numbers 2+ trigger partitive on the noun. Lippua is partitive of lippu (ticket)

  7. Kuinka monta?

    KUIN-ka MON-ta

    How many?

    Usage

    Simple question to confirm a quantity

    Grammar Note

    Kuinka monta uses partitive of moni (many). Standard way to ask "how many?"

  8. ensimmäinen, toinen, kolmas

    EN-sim-mäi-nen TOI-nen KOL-mas

    first, second, third

    Usage

    Ordinal numbers for floors, order, and ranking

    Grammar Note

    Ordinals use -nen (1st) or -s/-as suffixes. They inflect like adjectives

  9. Puoli kaksi

    PUO-li KAK-si

    Half past one (half two)

    Usage

    Finnish half-hours refer to the next hour, opposite to English convention

    Grammar Note

    Puoli kaksi = "halfway to two" = 1:30. The logic is opposite to English "half two"

  10. Mikä on puhelinnumerosi?

    MI-kä on PU-he-lin-nu-me-ro-si

    What is your phone number?

    Usage

    Exchange contact information

    Grammar Note

    Puhelinnumerosi = phone number + possessive suffix -si (your)

  11. Olen kaksikymmentäseitsemän vuotta vanha

    O-len KAK-si-kym-men-tä-seit-se-män VUOT-ta VAN-ha

    I'm 27 years old

    Usage

    Answering "Kuinka vanha olette?" (How old are you?)

    Grammar Note

    The numeral is written as one word: "kaksikymmentä" (20) + "seitsemän" (7). After a numeral greater than one the noun takes the partitive singular, so "vuosi" becomes "vuotta". Writing also uses the adjective "kaksikymmentäseitsemänvuotias" (27-year-old)

  12. Tänä vuonna täytän kaksikymmentäkahdeksan vuotta

    TÄ-nä VUON-na TÄY-tän KAK-si-kym-men-tä-kah-dek-san VUOT-ta

    I turn 28 this year

    Usage

    Saying what age you will reach this year

    Grammar Note

    "Täyttää" also means to reach a given age: "täyttää + numeral + vuotta" = to turn that age. "Tänä vuonna" is the same essive time phrase as "tänä iltana" (this evening)

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